Almost everything you’ve heard isn’t true. ‘Pitbull’ is not a single breed; it is a general term that can refer to several breeds that share similar physical characteristics and origins, including strength, agility and a muscular build. These dogs include American pitbull terriers, staffordshire bull terriers, American staffordshire terriers and the American bully.

The pitbull breed originated in the 1800s in England, where they were bred for strength, determination and agility for bull-baiting. But aggression towards humans was never a desired trait, as it made the dogs harder to handle. In fact, according to ASPCA in the US they were selectively bred to be human-friendly and loyal family dogs.

The stereotypes surrounding pitbulls started in the 1980s in the US, when illegal dog fighting resurfaced, increasing the demand for pitbulls among criminals. This led to irresponsible dog breeding, which focused on profit and not the wellbeing of the dogs. As a result, these animals became associated with crime and violence, rather than being seen as family dogs.

Because of these stereotypes, they often end up being exploited for the financial gain and social status that comes with dog fighting, experiencing neglect, abuse and inadequate obedience training. Pitbulls that end up in shelters have a lower chance of getting adopted due to unfounded fears, so they are more likely to be put down.

The American Temperament Test Society data on breed aggression from 2023 had no conclusive evidence to say pitbulls are more aggressive than other dog breeds. In fact, schnauzers scored higher on the aggression level than the American pitbull terrier (including red-nosed and blue-nosed), American staffordshire terrier, staffordshire bull terrier and American bully.

There are many myths surrounding the behaviour of pitbulls. Here are some you may have heard, none of which is true:

• Pitbulls feel less pain. Pitbulls feel the same pain as any other dog.
• They can lock their jaw. No dog has ever had a locked jaw.
• They are unpredictable. There is no evidence to prove pitbulls are any more unpredictable than any other dog bree
• They are aggressive towards humans. There is no consistent data to show pitbulls bite humans more frequently.
• They are poor family pets. Pitbulls make great family pets due to their loyalty, intelligence and gentleness.

Pitbulls are generally easy to care for, although they have some specific needs. When they are puppies, early exposure to strangers and other dogs is very important since they are very loyal and will try to protect their owners from things they consider unknown. Pitbulls often look up to their owners for leadership, so to keep them calm and obedient, it’s essential to have clear rules, boundaries and a routine.

It’s also recommended to exercise then for 60–90 minutes per day. Due to their short coats, they’re at a higher risk of skin infections and allergies; this can be prevented with a healthy diet and regular vet checkups. Some pitbull breeds, especially if overweight, are prone to dysplasia, which affects their joints. Like any dog, pitbulls need affection. This helps build a bond with the animal.

There are some remarkable people and their pitbulls who are making a difference in breaking the negative stereotypes. Actor Dave Bautista (Guardians of the Galaxy) is an advocate for pitbull adoption and has himself adopted four pitbulls. Jennifer Aniston (Friends) has also adopted pitbulls and openly supports organisations that promote pitbull adoption. She encourages adoption over breeding in general.

Some pitbulls have also been famous for heroic acts. These include Sallie, mascot for the 11th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War. She would stand guard over injured soldiers and care for them. In 2010, a pitbull named Diamond alerted her family when their apartment was on fire and managed to help save her owners’ two young children.

Pitbulls are loving and loyal dogs which don’t deserve the hate they get from society – I’ve experienced it first-hand, through volunteering at dog shelters, where they make up a large proportion of the dogs. I take it as a personal matter to clear up false information about these caring animals, and hope that you will join me.